DENTA JURNAL KEDOKTERAN GIGI

Clinical Characteristic and Severity of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralisation in 8-10 Years Old

Enrita Dian Rahmadini — 2025-08-31

Background: Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative developmental defect of tooth enamel that affects one or more permanent first molars and may involve incisors. The clinical features of MIH can include demarcated opacities, post-eruptive enamel breakdown, atypical caries, atypical restorations, and missing teeth due to MIH. Molar incisor hypomineralization is a common enamel defect with a relatively high prevalence worldwide, ranging from 9.2% to 14.2%. Data on the prevalence of MIH and clinical features of MIH in Indonesia are still minimal. Objective: To observe the distribution of clinical features and severity of molar-incisor hypomineralization in children aged 8-10 years in Kemanggisan urban village. Materials and Methods: This study used a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional method. Data was collected through random sampling by examining 267 child subjects in the field. Results: The prevalence of MIH in Kemanggisan urban village was 29,2%. There was no significant difference in gender and age in the distribution of clinical features and severity levels. The highest prevalence of clinical features and severity levels were demarcated opacities and mild, at 9,6%. Conclusion: The most prevalent clinical feature and severity level was demarcated opacities and mild in children aged 8-10 years in Kemanggisan urban village.

Effect of Areca Nut Extract Tooth Paste on Tooth Discoloration

Shulhan Rijal — 2025-08-31

Background: Areca nut extract is an active compound that can be used as an alternative toothpaste ingredient because it has antibacterial properties that can prevent cavities, but the tannin and flavonoid content in areca nut extract has the potential to cause discoloration of tooth. Objective: To determine the effect of areca nut extract (Areca catechu L.) toothpaste on tooth enamel color. Materials and Methods: This study was a true experimental laboratory type using pre test - post test with control group design. The study sample was 28 post-extraction human premolars who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The samples were divided into 4 treatment groups, 7 samples each in the group brushed using areca nut extract toothpaste concentrations of 1,5%, 3%, 4,5% and toothpaste without areca nut extract. Samples were brushed 2 times a day for 14 days. Measurement of color change using ColorFlex EZ spectrophotometer. Results: The results of data analysis obtained the average value of color change for toothpaste concentration of 1,5% of 4,38, 3% concentration of 5,40, 4,5% concentration of 7,37 and without areca nut extract of 0,98. The results of the One Way ANOVA test obtained a p value <0,05, meaning that there were a significant effect in each treatment group. The results of Post Hoc LSD analysis showed significant differences between all treatment groups, except between the treatment groups using 1,5% concentration of areca nut extract toothpaste and 3% concentration of areca nut extract toothpaste. Conclusion: areca nut extract toothpaste has an effect on the color of tooth enamel. The 4,5% concentration of Areca nut extract toothpaste has a significant effect on tooth discoloration.

Effect of Edible Coating on Color Stability and Strength of Heat-Cured Acrylic Soaked in Tea

Hernindya Dwifulqi — 2025-08-31

Background: Dentures are a standard treatment option for replacing missing teeth. One of the most essential components of dentures is the denture base. However, the acrylic resin has a weakness, namely that it has porosity, which can cause water absorption and colour changes. Water absorption in the acrylic resin can affect its colour stability, flexural strength, and hardness over a specific period. Tea is a drink often consumed in Indonesia. Black tea has undergone oxidation of several polyphenolic compounds (catechins). The fermentation process results in the oxidation of simple polyphenols, where tea catechins are converted into more complex and concentrated molecules that give black tea its characteristic colour. The edible coating is a thin layer made from consumable materials that acts as a barrier. Objective: To determine the effect of edible coating on heat-cured acrylic resin denture plates on colour retention, flexural strength, and hardness after soaking in black tea. Materials and Methods: This research utilized 25 heat-cured acrylic resin plates, divided into five groups with varying soaking times for the edible coating. The plates were then soaked in black tea for 15 hours, after which testing was conducted on the color resistance, hardness, and flexural strength of the heat-cured acrylic resin plates. Results: Acrylic resin plates with chitosan have better colour retention than acrylic resin not soaked with chitosan. Meanwhile, flexural strength and hardness values between groups did not differ significantly. Conclusion: Chitosan immersion affects the colour durability of the heat-cured acrylic resin denture base without significantly decreasing the hardness and strength values.

Effect of Glass Fiber Reinforcement on the Mechanical Properties of Acrylic Resin Denture Base

Jane Amelia Vebriani Wibisono — 2025-08-31

Background: Acrylic resin dentures are frequently reported to experience damage within a few years after fabrication. Intraorally, repeated masticatory forces can lead to fatigue failure and fracture, while high extraoral impact forces, such as accidental drops, may also lead to fractures of the denture base. Objective: To determine the optimal concentration of glass fibers reinforcement that provides the highest values of impact strength, transverse strength, and hardness in acrylic resin. Materials and Methods: A total of 48 acrylic resin samples were divided into four groups based on glass fiber concentration: 0%,6%,9%, and 12%. Each group was tested for impact strength, transverse strength, and hardness. Samples dimension for impact strength: 65 mm x 10 mm x 2.5 mm, 80 mm x 10 mm x 4 mm for transverse strength, and tube-shaped with a diameter of 5 mm and a thickness of 3 mm for hardness test. Testing equipment for impact strength: Charpy testing machine (Resil Impactor Ceast 6958.000), Universal Testing Machine (Shimadzu AGS-X 10kN for transverse strength, and Vickers machine (HMV-G) for hardness test. Results: The highest impact strength was observed in the group with 0% glass fibers. Meanwhile, the addition of 12% glass fibers exhibited the highest transverse strength exhibited and the highest hardness was achieved in samples containing 6% glass fibers. Conclusion: The addition of 12% glass fiber enhances the transverse strength of acrylic resin but decreases impact strength. Meanwhile, adding 6% glass fiber improves the hardness of acrylic resin.

Fluoride Concentration in Anchovy (Stolephorus commersonnii) Nanopowder and Its Potential in Dental Caries Prevention

Mutiara Dewi Pangaribuan — 2025-08-31

Background: Dental caries is a common infectious disease that leads to the demineralization and structural degradation of the tooth's hard tissues, caused by acid-producing bacteria such as S. mutans through carbohydrate fermentation. One of the essential strategies for caries prevention is using fluoride to inhibit bacterial activity and enhance enamel remineralization. Anchovy Stolephorus commersonnii, widely found in Indonesian waters, were rich in calcium and fluoride, particularly in the form of calcium fluoride (CaF₂), which may offer potential benefits in preventing dental caries. Objective: This study aimed to assess the fluoride concentration in S. commersonnii nanopowder to evaluate its potential as a natural source of fluoride for dental caries prevention. Materials and Methods: This research was a descriptive laboratory-based experimental study. The sample was Stolephorus commersonnii (S. commersonnii). The sample was prepared through drying, acid maceration, and high-energy milling to produce nanoparticle powder. Fluoride content was measured using two methods: a colorimetric method with a spectrophotometer and a portable fluoridemeter based on the SPADNS method. Results: The results showed that the fluoride concentration was 21.05 mg/100 g (21.05 ppm) by spectrophotometry and 20.0 ppm using the SPADNS method. The S. commersonnii nanopowder contained 1,305.80 mg/100 g calcium, 281.60 mg/100 g phosphorus, and 91.5% of particles were in the nano size. Conclusion: S. commersonnii nanopowder contains a considerable amount of fluoride and minerals, suggesting its potential as a natural dietary source of fluoride in supporting dental caries prevention strategies.

New Variant of Oral Candida in Intensive Care Unit Patients Using Endotracheal Tube: Observational Study

Nafiah — 2025-08-31

Backgroud: Candida species are the most common cause of systemic and mucosal diseases. Candida species cause bloodstream infections that are more than 90% fungal. Objective: There are variations of candida worldwide, and 15 different species recognize pathogens and cause human diseases. The aim of the of the study to identify variation of Candida in patient installation of Endotracheal Tube in intensive care unit. Materials and Methods: We conducted this research using a cross-sectional design. The collect sample during 6 months perform by single oral medicine specialist. Identification variety of Candida using VITEK 2® compact. Result: Data was obtained using a sample of 83 patients who installed an endotracheal tube unit in Dr. Ramelan Naval Hospital from March until August 2024. Results: There was a sample of 51 (61.4%) infected with Candida, with various candida being Candida albicans 39 (76.5%), Candida Tropikalis 6 (11.8%), Candida ciferri 3 (5.9%), Candida Lucitaniae 2 (3.9%), and Candida Gullermondii 1 (1.9%). Conclusion: This study identified Candida Ciferii as a new variant of Candida in this locus, known as a new resisten of fluconazole.

The Influence of Parental Knowledge Level During Pregnancy with Child’s Dental Caries Risk at RSGM-P Nala Husada

Annisa Listya Paramita — 2025-08-31

Background: Awareness and understanding among pregnant women regarding the importance of maintaining oral and dental health play a crucial role in preventing Early Childhood Caries (ECC). Caries risk assessment is an essential part of a comprehensive and age-appropriate patient care approach. This evaluation aims to estimate the likelihood of an increase in caries incidence over time, as well as the potential progression or activity of existing lesions. Objective: to analyze the relationship between parental knowledge during pregnancy about oral and dental health and risk of the dental caries risk in children at RSGM-P Nala Husada. Materials and Methods: This study employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 45 samples were collected from patients at the integration clinic of RSGM-P Nala Husada. Child patients aged 3-5 years were assessed iin dental caries using CAMBRA, while the patient's mother was given a questionnaire to find out what information was known during pregnancy regarding oral and dental health. The Spearman correlation test was chosen because the data used was ordinal. Results: The Spearman correlation test revealed a significant value (p < 0.05) with a strong correlation coefficient (0.666). Conclusion: A strong relationship exists between parental knowledge during pregnancy and the risk of caries in pediatric patients at RSGM-P Nala Husada. Higher levels of maternal knowledge were associated with lower caries risk in children.

The Relation Between Oral Health Maintenance Knowledge and Junior High School Students’s Age and Gender in Denai District Medan

Zulfi Amalia Bachtiar — 2025-08-31

Background: Oral and dental health play a crucial role in maintaining overall body function. Therefore, proper knowledge and behavior regarding oral hygiene are essential to ensure its preservation. Objective: This study aims to examine the relationship between oral health knowledge and the age and gender of junior high school students in the district. Materials and Methods: His study employed a correlative descriptive approach using a cross-sectional design. The sample was selected through proportional stratified random sampling with the aid of a proportion estimation formula. A total of 248 students participated, consisting of 124 from An-Nizam Middle School and 124 from Hikmatul Fadhillah Middle School. Data were collected using a 15-item questionnaire designed to assess knowledge regarding oral and dental health maintenance. The chi-square test was applied to evaluate the association between students’ oral health knowledge and their age and gender. Results: The findings revealed a significant association between knowledge levels and students’ age and gender (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The age and gender of junior high school students at Hikmatul Fadhillah and An-Nizam were found to be correlated with their understanding of personal oral health maintenance.