Oral Health Care Management in Atypical Oral and Cutaneous Bullous Pemphigoid

Kharinna Widowati — 2026-02-01

Background: Bullous Pemphigoid (BP) is the most common subepidermal bullous autoimmune disease, typically presenting as tense bullae. Atypical presentations of bullous pemphigoid often mimic TEN or impetigo, creating diagnostic ambiguity. Effective management in these cases requires integrated strategies to address systemic health factors and extensive oral mucosal involvement. Objectives: This report highlights the Oral Health Care Management with atypical oral and cutaneous manifestations in Bullous Pemphigoid. Case: A 58-year-old female with a history of Diabetes Mellitus and heart disease was referred with extensive bullae, erosions, and "honey-like" crusts involving over 30% of her body surface area. Her condition worsened despite two weeks of treatment with acyclovir for suspected herpes. The presentation was highly suggestive of TEN and impetigo. Case Management: Management of the oral and perioral lesions focused on infection prevention and pain relief. Debridement was performed using sterile gauze with normal saline and 0.2% chlorhexidine. This was followed by the application of Aloevera extract gel/spray. Comprehensive systemic therapy, including corticosteroids and immunosuppressants, was coordinated by a multidisciplinary team to control the autoimmune disease and comorbidities. Discussion and Conclusion: The presence of comorbidities, such as diabetes, further complicates the systemic management and heightens the risk of secondary infections, requiring meticulous wound care. A multidisciplinary diagnostic algorithm, supported by supplementary examinations, is crucial for differentiating atypical BP from TEN and impetigo infection. Adequate management of the associated oral and perioral manifestations is an integral component of comprehensive patient care.

Saliva Accuracy Analysis as a Non-Invasive Method for Determining Blood Type

Dwi Sinta Maharani — 2026-02-02

Background: Phobia is an excessive, irrational, and persistent fear of something, which makes it difficult for someone to carry out certain activities. Psychological disorders such as phobia of blood and injections indicate the need for forensic identification methods without taking blood samples. Blood type identification plays an important role in forensic cases, especially to match the blood type of evidence of victims or perpetrators. Objective: To analyze the accuracy of saliva as a non-invasive method for determining blood type in students of the Faculty of Dentistry, Baiturrahmah University, class of 2021. Methods: This study is a quantitative observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The study population was 80 students selected using the simple random sampling technique. Saliva samples were analyzed using the absorption inhibition method and compared with available blood type data. The data were analyzed using SPSS version IBM 23.0 and Fisher's exact test was performed as an alternative to the chi-square test. Results: Blood types A, B, and AB have 100% compatibility in secretor individuals, while blood type O has 0% compatibility because there are no antigen A and antigen B in saliva. Statistical tests show that there is a significant level of accuracy between blood type examination through saliva and blood type in the data (p=0.000). Conclusion: Overall, it shows that blood type examination using saliva has the same level of accuracy as the conventional method.

DENTA JURNAL KEDOKTERAN GIGI

Oral Health Care Management in Atypical Oral and Cutaneous Bullous Pemphigoid

Saliva Accuracy Analysis as a Non-Invasive Method for Determining Blood Type